The origin of the mass-metallicity relation: insights from 53,000 star-forming galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. De re metallica: the cosmic chemical evolution of galaxies. Chemical pre-processing of cluster galaxies over the past 10 billion years in the IllustrisTNG simulations. How environment affects galaxy metallicity through stripping and formation history: lessons from the Illustris simulation. Spectroscopic study of star-forming galaxies in filaments and the field at z ~ 0.5: evidence for environmental dependence of electron density. The effect of filaments and tendrils on the H I content of galaxies. Evidence for H I replenishment in massive galaxies through gas accretion from the cosmic web. The imprint of cosmic web quenching on central galaxies. Galaxy evolution in the metric of the cosmic web. Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): stellar mass growth of spiral galaxies in the cosmic web. Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): halo formation times and halo assembly bias on the cosmic web. Halo assembly bias and the tidal anisotropy of the local halo environment. How does the cosmic web impact assembly bias? Mon. How the cosmic web inhibits halo growth and generates assembly bias. Halo assembly bias in hierarchical structure formation. How filaments of galaxies are woven into the cosmic web. Physical properties and environments of nearby galaxies. The connection between galaxies and their dark matter halos. Using IllustrisTNG, our results can be explained by both halo assembly bias and gas supply combining in nodes in a way that markedly modulates the metallicity of the gas, contributing to the scatter of this fundamental relation in galaxy evolution. We find qualitative agreement in the cosmological hydrodynamical simulation IllustrisTNG (TNG300). We find a similar, but notably weaker, effect with respect to filaments. The proximity of a galaxy to a node, independently of stellar mass and overdensity, influences its gas-phase metallicity, with galaxies closer to nodes displaying higher chemical enrichment than those farther away.

Here we report a detection of the effect of the cosmic web on the galaxy stellar mass–gas-phase metallicity relation of low-redshift star-forming galaxies using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Disentangling the two is difficult, but key to deriving a holistic picture of galaxy formation and observational constraints on the growth of haloes. There are two main mechanisms by which the cosmic web can influence galaxies: one is by modulating the growth of haloes, and the other is by regulating the gas ecosystem around galaxies. Galaxies evolve within the cosmic web, naturally raising the question of its impact on that process. The large-scale structure of the Universe can be understood in terms of features such as filaments, nodes and walls, which we collectively term the cosmic web.

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